Class 12 mass communication (335) Solved Free Assignment 2024-25 (NIOS)

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words:

a) Identify the usefulness of verbal communication and non-verbal communication in your daily life and explain four differences between them with the help of examples. (See Lesson- 1)

Ans:-  Verbal and non-verbal communication are essential in daily life. Verbal communication, using words, allows us to express ideas clearly and resolve issues directly. For example, explaining a concept to a colleague. Non-verbal communication, like gestures and facial expressions, helps convey emotions and reinforce spoken words, such as smiling while greeting someone to show warmth.

**Differences:**

1. **Mode**: Verbal uses words (e.g., a spoken apology), while non-verbal uses body language (e.g., a regretful expression).

2. **Clarity**: Verbal is direct (e.g., saying "thank you"), non-verbal is indirect (e.g., nodding).

3. **Speed**: Verbal can be faster (e.g., giving instructions), non-verbal may require observation (e.g., interpreting a sigh).

4. **Reliance**: Verbal relies on language, while non-verbal relies on context (e.g., a thumbs-up gesture in different cultures).

b)  Critically examine the function of advertising agencies and provide a brief introduction to five advertising agencies. (See Lesson-17)

Ans:- Advertising agencies play a crucial role in helping businesses promote products and build brand identity. They create, plan, and manage advertising campaigns, handling everything from market research to creative production and media placement. Agencies use their expertise to craft persuasive messages that resonate with target audiences, ultimately driving sales and enhancing brand recognition.

**Five Advertising Agencies:**

1. **Ogilvy**: Known for its creative and effective campaigns, Ogilvy has produced iconic ads for brands like Dove and Coca-Cola.

2. **Wieden+Kennedy**: Famous for its work with Nike, this agency is known for innovative and emotionally impactful storytelling.

3. **Leo Burnett**: Renowned for memorable characters like Tony the Tiger, Leo Burnett focuses on human-centered advertising.

4. **BBDO**: This global agency excels in crafting "content that connects" and has worked with major brands like Pepsi and FedEx.

5. **Grey Advertising**: Known for impactful campaigns with a focus on authenticity, Grey works with clients like Procter & Gamble and Volvo.

2 Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words:

a) Examine the current relevance of traditional media and elaborate on their usefulness. (See Lesson- 25A) 

Ans:-   Traditional media, such as newspapers, radio, and television, remain relevant today due to their credibility, reach, and accessibility. They provide reliable information to large audiences, especially in regions with limited internet access. Newspapers offer in-depth analysis, radio caters to local communities, and TV broadcasts real-time news, making traditional media useful for trusted information, public awareness, and connecting with diverse populations.

 b) Evaluate the usefulness of photography and outline its history. (See Lesson- 25B)

Ans:-   Photography is a powerful medium for documenting reality, expressing creativity, and preserving memories. It captures moments that might otherwise be lost, making it valuable for personal and historical records, journalism, and art.

**History of Photography:**

The journey began in the early 19th century with **Joseph Nicéphore Niépce**, who created the first photograph in 1826. **Louis Daguerre** later developed the **daguerreotype** process in 1839, producing clearer images. Photography evolved with the invention of **film** by George Eastman in the 1880s, making it accessible to the public. The transition to **digital photography** in the late 20th century transformed the field, allowing instant, high-quality images.

3.  Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words:

a) Identify the characteristics of television and discuss its capabilities and limitations. (See Lesson- 14) 

Ans:-   Television is a powerful medium with the ability to reach large audiences through audio-visual content. Its characteristics include wide accessibility, immediacy, and the ability to convey complex stories visually and emotionally. **Capabilities** include live broadcasting, engaging storytelling, and influencing public opinion. However, **limitations** are high production costs, limited interactivity, and potential viewer distraction due to ads. Television’s passive viewing experience contrasts with the more interactive nature of digital media.

b) List four public relations tools and provide a detailed explanation of their various mediums. (See Lesson- 20)

Ans: - Public relations (PR) tools help organizations build a positive image and maintain relationships with the public. Four key PR tools include:

1. **Press Releases**: Distributed through newspapers, websites, and news agencies, press releases provide timely information about an organization’s updates, events, or announcements.

2. **Social Media**: Platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram allow direct engagement with audiences, enabling organizations to share news, respond to queries, and manage brand image interactively.

3. **Events and Sponsorships**: Hosting or sponsoring events creates visibility and credibility. These events can be broadcast on TV, streamed online, or covered by print media for wider reach.

4. **Newsletters**: Sent via email or in print, newsletters keep stakeholders informed about company activities, achievements, and developments, fostering loyalty and a sense of inclusion.

4 Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words:

a) Provide detailed information on the qualities of a radio program producer and underline the key elements of radio production. (See Lesson- 12)

Ans:- A radio program producer plays a crucial role in creating engaging and informative content. Key qualities include **creativity**, allowing them to craft unique and captivating programs, and **communication skills**, essential for guiding presenters, coordinating with guests, and effectively conveying ideas. A producer must also be **organized and detail-oriented**, managing scripts, schedules, and technical elements smoothly. **Adaptability** is important for handling unexpected changes during live broadcasts, while **research skills** ensure accurate, relevant, and interesting content.

Key elements of radio production include:

1. **Scriptwriting**: Ensures structure, flow, and clear messaging.

2. **Sound Quality**: High-quality audio with minimal interference enhances listener experience.

3. **Music and Sound Effects**: Used effectively to set the tone, build atmosphere, and engage audiences.

4. **Timing**: Accurate timing keeps programs on schedule and ensures smooth transitions.

5. **Audience Engagement**: Interactive elements, like listener calls, make the program more dynamic and relatable. 

Together, these qualities and elements contribute to impactful and enjoyable radio programs.

 b) Cut three news items each on sports, business, economics, and politics from two local language and two English language newspapers, and paste them in an organized manner. Read these news articles and write their analysis. (See Lesson-5)

Ans:- To complete this task, follow these steps:

 1. Collecting News Articles

   - **Gather newspapers**: Obtain two local language newspapers and two English language newspapers for variety.

   - **Select relevant news**: Choose three articles each on sports, business, economics, and politics, ensuring they are current and impactful. 

   - **Cut and Organize**: Cut out the articles and group them by category (sports, business, economics, and politics) and language (local and English). Arrange them neatly for easy comparison.

 2. Reading and Analyzing the Articles

   - **Summarize Key Points**: For each category, note down the main events or trends covered in both local and English language papers.

   - **Compare Perspectives**: Observe if there’s a difference in how local and English papers report the same topics. For example, local papers may focus on region-specific impacts, while English papers may take a broader view.

   - **Identify Themes and Implications**: Analyze underlying themes. In sports, look for trends like emerging players or tournaments. In business and economics, examine market changes, policy impacts, or economic growth. For politics, consider election coverage, policy changes, or government decisions.

3. Writing the Analysis

   - **Introduction**: Start by summarizing the range of topics covered in each category and noting any major differences in focus between local and English-language reporting.

   - **Category Analysis**: 

      - *Sports*: Analyze player performances, tournament outcomes, or any notable achievements. Discuss how these might influence the sport's popularity or funding.

      - *Business*: Review trends, such as new investments, industry shifts, or company performance. Consider their impact on the local and national economy.

      - *Economics*: Focus on articles about inflation, economic growth, or trade. Explain the broader implications for the public or economy.

      - *Politics*: Reflect on the political climate, key policies, or elections. Discuss how these impact governance, public opinion, or future elections.

   - **Conclusion**: Provide an overall perspective on the information gathered, noting any commonalities across categories or significant insights.

This analysis will give you a holistic view of current events and help you understand different journalistic approaches in regional and national newspapers.

5. one of the following questions in about 100-150 words:

a) Examine the effectiveness of new media and delineate its relevance in the contemporary era, along with an exploration of the concept of media convergence. (See Lesson- 21)

Ans:- New media, encompassing digital platforms like social media, blogs, websites, and streaming services, has proven highly effective in the contemporary era due to its instant access, interactivity, and global reach. Unlike traditional media, new media enables real-time communication, allowing users to share, discuss, and respond to information instantly. This immediacy and the participatory nature of new media give individuals a voice and empower communities, promoting freedom of expression and democratizing information sharing.

In today’s world, new media's relevance is evident in fields like journalism, where news is updated continuously, and marketing, where brands engage with consumers directly. This connects to **media convergence**, the merging of traditional media forms with new digital platforms. Media convergence allows users to consume news, entertainment, and information across multiple channels seamlessly—like watching a live news event on a TV channel’s app. This integration not only enhances accessibility but also enables diverse storytelling forms, making information more engaging and tailored to audiences' needs.

b) Elaborate on the essential qualities required for professionals in the field of new media and compile a report on the employment opportunities available in this domain. (See Lesson-24)

Ans:-   Essential Qualities for New Media Professionals

1. **Adaptability**: New media is constantly evolving with new tools, platforms, and trends. Professionals must stay updated and adapt quickly to technological advancements and audience preferences.

  

2. **Creativity and Innovation**: Creativity is key for developing engaging content that stands out. New media professionals should be able to think outside the box, using visuals, interactive elements, and storytelling to capture audience interest.

3. **Technical Skills**: Familiarity with digital tools, software (like Adobe Creative Suite or video editing platforms), and analytics tools is essential. Knowledge of SEO (Search Engine Optimization) and social media algorithms also helps professionals optimize content reach.

4. **Strong Communication Skills**: Both written and visual communication are critical in conveying messages effectively. Professionals should be skilled at creating clear, persuasive, and relatable content tailored to different audiences.

5. **Analytical Mindset**: The ability to analyze data and interpret metrics is important to understand audience behavior, evaluate content performance, and adjust strategies based on insights.

6. **Collaboration**: New media often involves working with cross-functional teams (like designers, marketers, and analysts). Teamwork and flexibility are essential to succeed in collaborative environments.

 Employment Opportunities in New Media

The new media field offers a variety of career paths across industries. Some of the main employment opportunities include:

1. **Social Media Manager**: Manages brand presence on social platforms, creates strategies for engagement, and analyzes performance metrics to build a strong online community.

2. **Content Creator**: Develops written, video, or graphic content for blogs, websites, and social channels. This role includes bloggers, vloggers, podcasters, and influencers.

3. **Digital Marketing Specialist**: Focuses on online marketing campaigns, using email, search engines, and social media ads to reach and engage target audiences.

4. **Data Analyst**: Works with digital analytics to understand audience behavior, optimize content strategies, and drive decisions based on data insights.

5. **Multimedia Specialist**: Combines text, video, and graphics to create interactive content. This role often involves producing videos, animations, or infographics for various platforms.

6. **SEO Specialist**: Optimizes content and websites to rank higher in search engine results, increasing visibility and attracting organic traffic.

7. **UX/UI Designer**: Creates user-friendly interfaces and designs for websites and apps, focusing on enhancing user experience and engagement.

8. **Virtual Event Coordinator**: Manages virtual events like webinars and online conferences, a growing field due to the rise of remote work and online communities.

New media offers numerous opportunities in an increasingly digital world, making it an exciting and dynamic field for employment.

6. Prepare any one of the project out of two given below in about 500 words.

a) Design a campaign aimed at raising public awareness about communicable diseases in rural areas through various forms of traditional media, and develop a phased advertising plan to ensure its success. (See Lesson- 17 &26A)

Ans:-  Campaign for Raising Awareness about Communicable Diseases in Rural Areas

**Campaign Objective:**

The primary goal of this campaign is to educate and raise awareness about communicable diseases, such as tuberculosis, malaria, dengue, and cholera, in rural areas. By providing essential health information, the campaign aims to prevent outbreaks, encourage healthy practices, and promote early detection and treatment.

 Target Audience:

The campaign targets rural communities, focusing on families, community leaders, and local health workers. The content will be tailored for easy comprehension, using local dialects and culturally relevant references.

 Campaign Theme and Message:

The theme of the campaign is “Healthy Living, Stronger Communities.” The key message emphasizes the importance of hygiene, early detection, vaccination, and community involvement in preventing the spread of diseases. Messages will also encourage people to seek medical help and report symptoms early.

 Media Strategy:

In rural areas, where internet penetration is low and access to digital media is limited, traditional media channels are crucial for reaching a broad audience. The campaign will leverage the following forms of traditional media:

1. **Radio**: Since radio is widely accessible in rural regions, it will be a primary medium for delivering health messages.

2. **Community Theatre and Folk Performances**: Folk artists will perform plays and songs to convey preventive measures in an engaging, culturally familiar way.

3. **Wall Posters and Banners**: Visuals will be used in public spaces like markets, schools, and healthcare centers, as these are frequented by community members.

4. **Public Announcements via Loudspeakers**: Mobile loudspeakers will broadcast key messages in busy areas or during local events, ensuring that the message reaches even those who may not have access to other media.

5. **Pamphlets and Brochures**: Distributed at local events and healthcare centers, pamphlets will contain essential information on symptoms, prevention, and treatment options.

 Phased Advertising Plan

 **Phase 1: Pre-Campaign Research (2 Weeks)**

   - Conduct a survey to understand the level of awareness about communicable diseases in the target areas.

   - Identify specific cultural factors and local beliefs that could influence the effectiveness of the campaign.

   - Collaborate with local health workers and community leaders to gain insights and establish trust with the community.

 **Phase 2: Campaign Launch (1 Month)**

   - **Radio Broadcasts**: Launch a series of 2-minute radio spots focusing on the causes and prevention of common communicable diseases. These broadcasts will run twice daily, reaching listeners during peak hours.

   - **Folk Theatre Shows**: Organize a series of interactive performances in villages. Plays will incorporate themes of hygiene, mosquito control, and the importance of vaccinations. After each show, health professionals will be available for questions.

   - **Wall Posters**: Display posters in key locations, with visuals illustrating symptoms, preventive practices, and information on nearby clinics.

   - **Loudspeaker Announcements**: Make regular loudspeaker announcements, especially in busy areas and at weekly markets, to reinforce the messages from the radio and theatre shows.

 **Phase 3: Intensive Outreach (1 Month)**

   - **Pamphlet Distribution**: Distribute pamphlets with simple graphics and instructions on disease prevention and early detection at community gatherings and healthcare centers.

   - **Radio Q&A Sessions**: Arrange live Q&A sessions with healthcare professionals on local radio. Listeners can call in with questions, making the campaign interactive and addressing community-specific concerns.

   - **Community Leader Involvement**: Train local leaders to serve as campaign ambassadors. They will promote healthy practices and encourage people to seek medical help early.

 **Phase 4: Follow-Up and Reinforcement (1 Month)**

   - **Community Feedback Sessions**: Organize small meetings in villages to get feedback on the campaign’s impact. Encourage community members to share what they learned and address any lingering misconceptions.

   - **Ongoing Radio Messages**: Broadcast short reminders and success stories from the campaign, reinforcing the behaviors promoted during earlier phases.

   - **Recognition for Local Health Champions**: Acknowledge individuals and families who actively participate in health-promoting activities, helping to sustain interest in disease prevention.

 Expected Outcomes:

The campaign aims to:

   - Increase community awareness of communicable diseases by at least 50%.

   - Encourage early detection and prompt treatment.

   - Foster healthy hygiene practices, such as handwashing and mosquito control.

   - Promote the importance of vaccinations and regular health check-ups.

   - Build lasting community engagement through trusted local leaders.

 Evaluation:

Success will be measured by conducting follow-up surveys, interviewing local health workers, and tracking changes in the number of people seeking medical assistance for symptoms associated with communicable diseases. This phased, culturally sensitive campaign will use traditional media effectively to reach rural populations, helping to create a healthier, more informed community.

b)  Explain the camera's functioning and its utility. Using the camera/mobile camera available to you, take a minimum of 20 photographs of natural scenes. Print them and neatly paste them on chart paper and describe all the scenes. (See Lesson-25B & 26B)

Ans:- Understanding Camera Functioning and Its Utility

**Camera Functioning:**

A camera captures light to create images, either digitally or on film. The basic parts of a camera include:

1. **Lens**: Focuses light onto the sensor or film.

2. **Aperture**: Controls the amount of light entering the lens. A wider aperture allows more light, while a narrower one allows less.

3. **Shutter**: Determines how long the sensor or film is exposed to light. Faster shutter speeds freeze motion, while slower speeds capture movement.

4. **Sensor/Film**: The sensor in digital cameras (or film in analog cameras) captures the image formed by the light that passes through the lens.

When you press the shutter button, the aperture opens to let light pass through the lens and hit the sensor for a brief moment. The sensor records the light information, forming an image, which is saved on a memory card in digital cameras.

**Utility of a Camera:**

Cameras are powerful tools for preserving memories, expressing creativity, and capturing the beauty of the world. They help document personal moments, natural scenes, and social events, and are essential in fields like journalism, science, and art. Photography allows us to tell stories visually, study details in nature, and share our unique perspectives with others.

### Photography Project: Capturing and Describing Natural Scenes

**Instructions:**

Using your camera or mobile camera, take a minimum of 20 photographs focusing on various natural scenes. Each photo should capture unique aspects of nature, such as landscapes, plants, animals, and natural light patterns. After taking the photos, print them and paste them on chart paper. Here’s a guide to describing each scene:

1. **Sunrise Over Hills**: A picture of the rising sun illuminating the hills with a golden glow, symbolizing a fresh start.

2. **Flowing River**: Capturing a calm river surrounded by lush greenery, reflecting the tranquility of nature.

3. **Dew on Leaves**: A close-up of morning dew droplets on leaves, showcasing nature’s delicate details.

4. **Mountains in Mist**: A scene of misty mountains, evoking mystery and the beauty of untouched landscapes.

5. **Field of Wildflowers**: Bright wildflowers in bloom, representing the colors and diversity of nature.

6. **Old Tree in a Meadow**: A large, weathered tree standing alone in a grassy field, symbolizing resilience.

7. **Sunset on the Horizon**: The sun setting over a distant horizon, painting the sky in warm tones of orange and pink.

8. **Rain on Window**: Drops of rain on a window with nature blurred in the background, creating a calm, reflective mood.

9. **Butterfly on a Flower**: A vibrant butterfly resting on a flower, emphasizing the harmony of natural relationships.

10. **Cloud Patterns**: A vast sky filled with unique cloud formations, showcasing nature’s endless creativity.

11. **Forest Pathway**: A photo of a narrow path winding through dense woods, inviting the viewer to explore.

12. **Bird in Flight**: A bird mid-flight against a clear sky, symbolizing freedom and movement.

13. **Rocky Shoreline**: Waves crashing on rocks at the beach, capturing the strength and beauty of water.

14. **Sunlight Through Trees**: Rays of sunlight streaming through tree branches, creating a peaceful, enchanting effect.

15. **Spiderweb with Dew**: A close-up of a spiderweb glistening with morning dew, illustrating intricate natural design.

16. **Autumn Leaves**: Fallen leaves in shades of red, yellow, and brown, representing the seasonal change.

17. **Moon Over Lake**: A night scene with the moon reflecting on a calm lake, evoking tranquility.

18. **Green Hills Under Blue Sky**: Rolling green hills under a clear, blue sky, symbolizing simplicity and vastness.

19. **Flowers by a Stream**: Bright flowers growing by a flowing stream, illustrating life thriving near water.

20. **Snow-Covered Branches**: Trees covered in snow, showcasing the beauty of winter’s transformation.

By capturing these scenes and describing them, you’ll gain a deeper appreciation for nature’s diversity and the storytelling power of photography. This project will visually demonstrate the variety and beauty in natural landscapes, encouraging a greater connection to the environment.